Fraud by false representation involves:

Fraud by false representation specifically entails presenting false statements that mislead others about facts or laws. This form of fraud is characterized by an intentional act of deception where a person knowingly communicates incorrect information with the intent to cause another party to rely on that misinformation to their detriment.

In legal terms, for a representation to qualify as fraudulent, it must be a factual assertion or a statement concerning the law that the individual knew to be untrue at the time of making it. This is distinct from merely failing to disclose information or engaging in dishonest behavior regarding financial records, which pertain to different forms of misconduct.

For example, failing to disclose required information typically falls under nondisclosure obligations and may not necessarily imply a false representation, as it involves the omission of facts rather than the provision of false ones. Similarly, using financial records dishonestly relates more to misappropriation or manipulation of statements rather than outright falsehoods. Lying in personal relationships does not align with legal fraud concepts, as it pertains to personal ethics rather than legal liability.

Thus, the correct focus of fraud by false representation is the act of making false statements of fact or law, which clearly identifies the deceptive actions that constitute this form of fraud.